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SPACE & SCIENCE

SCIENCESPACE & SCIENCE

Scientists Discover Possible “Ocean World” 100-Light Years Away From Earth

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The newly discovered planet is about five times heavier than Earth, and its density could be consistent with having a “very deep ocean World.”A team of researchers recently discovered a planet about 100 light-years from Earth that they believe could be completely covered in water.

According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the planet – called TOI-1452 b – is believed to be 70% larger than Earth and located in the “Goldilocks Zone”, where temperatures are neither too hot nor too cold. for liquid water to exist on its surface.

Based on observations from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), a team of researchers led by the University of Montreal announced the discovery of a “super-Earth”. According to a press release, the US space agency said: “Further investigation could shed light on an intriguing possibility: that the planet may be a ‘water world’.”

The planet is roughly five times heavier than Earth, and its density could be consistent with having a “very deep ocean.” It could also be a huge rock with little or no atmosphere. “It could even be a rocky planet with an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium,” the press release said.

TOI-1452 orbits its red dwarf star once every 11 days. It also orbits a binary star system in which two stars orbit each other at a distance roughly two and a half times the distance from our Sun to Pluto.

Separately, according to a study published in The Astronomical Journal, Charles Cadieux, a Ph.D. student at the University of Montreal, said, “TOI-1452 b is one of the best ocean planet candidates we’ve found so far.”

Mr. Cadieux, who is the lead author of the study, also added: “Its radius and mass indicate a much lower density than would be expected for a planet that is essentially metal and rock like Earth.”

The analysis suggested that water could make up as much as 30% of the planet’s mass – a proportion similar to some of the Solar System’s moons, such as Titan or Ganymede.

Now, to determine whether TOI-1452 b is watery, scientists will have to look at it with the powerful James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The planet is a perfect candidate for observation because it’s close enough to Earth to be easily visible, and it’s in a part of the sky that a telescope can see year-round.
Researchers are trying to schedule time on Webb to examine TOI-1452 b as soon as possible.

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SatelliteSPACE & SCIENCE

SpaceX’s Starlink now available in 32 countries, coming soon to India

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SpaceX has announced that its satellite internet service, Starlink, is now available in 32 countries. The company took to Twitter to announce the availability details. Interestingly, SpaceX said people who place an order will get their Starlink service shipped “immediately”.

Over the past few months, Starlink has been facing major issues delivering its services to major parts of the world. Customers have been complaining about shipment delays and extended wait periods. It now looks like Elon Musk’s space company is rigorously working towards resolving these issues.

Starlink shared on Twitter a map showing the service’s availability across the globe. The map shows that the service will be available across most parts of Europe and North America. The map also showed that parts of South America, Australia, and New Zealand would get immediate access to the service.

The immediate availability list doesn’t include India but the country is marked in the “coming soon” blue colour.

The company previously said Starlink service will be available in 25 countries but that list has been expanded to 32 countries now. It is great to see that SpaceX is shipping its dishes to customers immediately. This comes as great news, as consumers until now have been constantly complaining about waiting for months to get access to the service.

Starlink in India

India was initially considered to be one of the key markets for Starlink. It even started pre-orders for users in India last year. However, that was paused in November following a government notification, which warned Starlink to obtain a license for its services before starting bookings.

Following the government warning, Starlink started issuing refunds to customers who pre-ordered Starlink’s services. The company claimed that it received more than 5,000 pre-orders in the country.

Later, in January 2022, Sanjay Bhargava, Starlink’s India Head, quit the company.

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SPACE & SCIENCESPACE TECHNOLOGY

PM Modi launches Indian Space Association, says India to ensure space unites the world

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi will launch the Indian Space Association (ISpA) on Monday. The virtual inauguration ceremony will be held at 11 am, according to a tweet from PM Modi’s official handle.
He will also interact with representatives of the space industry on the occasion.
“At 11 AM tomorrow, 11th October, I will join the program to launch the Indian Space Association. I am glad to be getting the opportunity to interact with leading stakeholders in the sector. Those interested in the world of space and innovation must-watch tomorrow’s program,” PM Modi tweeted.
In a release, the Prime Minister’s Office said that ISpA is a premier industry association of space and satellite companies, which aspires to be the collective voice of the Indian space industry.
“It will undertake policy advocacy and engage with all stakeholders in the Indian space domain, including the government and its agencies,” it added.
The ISpA’s founding members include Larson & Toubro, Nelco (Tata Group), OneWeb, Bharti Airtel, Mapmyindia, Walchandnagar Industries, and Ananth Technology Limited. Other core members include Godrej, Hughes India, Azista-BST Aerospace Private Limited, BEL, Centum Electronics, and Maxar India, the release added.
India has made great strides in the field of space research in the last few years. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has also undertaken a number of launches, though Covid-19 has impacted the schedule of some of these space missions.
He said that with the reforms underway in the sector, the government aims to increase the participation of women in the field. Meanwhile, the government is also in the final stages of finalizing a policy around remote sensing.
ISpA is the premier industry association of space and satellite companies, which aspires to be the collective voice of the Indian space industry.”
The association plans to undertake policy advocacy and engage with all stakeholders in the Indian space domain, including the government and its agencies. The agency will help in making India self-reliant, technologically advanced, and a leading player in the space arena.
The Founding members include Larson & Toubro, Nelco (Tata Group), OneWeb, Bharti Airtel, Mapmyindia, Walchandnagar Industries, and Ananth Technology Limited. Other core members include Godrej, Hughes India, Azista-BST Aerospace Private Limited, BEL, Centum Electronics, Maxar India.
Lt Gen Anil Bhatt (Retd) has been appointed the director-general of the new body.
According to senior ISRO officials, the country’s first solar mission, which was pushed from early 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, is likely to be launched in the third quarter of 2022. The agency will also launch Xposat, India’s second space observatory, next year.
Before the pandemic, the space agency had planned for 20 launches in the financial year 2020-21, including the first unmanned flight under the Gaganyaan mission. The Gaganyaan mission is also likely to be undertaken by the end of 2022 or in early 2023.
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SPACE & SCIENCE

SLS core stage arrives at KSC but faces “challenging” schedule

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The last major feature of the first Space Launch System rocket has arrived at the Kennedy Space Center, but NASA’s acting chief executive says it will be a “challenge” to launch the rocket before the end of this year.
The boat Pegasus arrived at KSC on April 27 with the basic SLS cruise liner. Pegasus moved the base stage from the Stennis Space Center in Mississippi, where it started in 2020 with a Green Run test campaign that ended with a fire test on March 18.
NASA will move the base phase to the Vehicle Assembly Building, where crews will attach their five-dimensional rocket enhancements, a high-end unit, and Orion spacecraft. It will then be released to Launch Complex 39B for final testing and, finally, the launch of Artemis 1.
“With the introduction of the basic SLS phase of Artemis 1, we have all the rocket components in Kennedy in Artemis’ first campaign,” John Honeycutt, SLS program manager at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, said in a statement.
Related:- Solar Eclipse 2020: How to Watch ‘Ring of Fire’ Live Online, India Timings, More
The launch is scheduled to take place later in the year, even though NASA has not given a date for the renewal of the untested test aircraft. NASA’s statement on the arrival of the main phase at KSC did not say its launch date.
NASA Acting Chief Executive Officer Steve Jurczyk, speaking at Space 27 Space Shipping webinar, said the plan would still launch Artemis 1 before the end of the year. “We are still trying our best to make that launch towards the end of this calendar year,” he said. “That would be a challenge if we delayed the delays we had.”
He said the delays included technical challenges faced by the main phase during the Green Run test, as well as those caused by weather and epidemics. Jurczyk said later that those issues have used almost all the limits on the launch program this year.
“The Artemis 1 program is going to be a real challenge,” he said. “If things are going really well, in the integration of SLS and the integration of Orion into the mobile launch and release platform, we have the opportunity to launch by the end of the calendar year.”
“But this is the first time the car has moved on to KSC,” he added, meaning that this is the first time they have gone through the process of assembling the car parts and starting with the first steps. “There is no doubt that we will face some challenges, so we do not have a long schedule to consider launch towards the end of the calendar year.”
“If we can take those big steps and make progress, we will get a gun,” he said. “If we start to miss out on these events, we will have to think about whether we can succeed this year or not.”
Bill Nelson, who was nominated by Biden executives to become NASA’s director, pointed out in his hearing the assurance on April 21 that the launch could be smooth next year. “The first work of Artemis is launched next year,” he said in a text of his opening statement, which will run into early 2022.
“By the end of the year, maybe early next year, you’ll see the largest rocket ever – launched,” he told SLS during the hearing. “It will be an active activity in the process of returning to the moon and moving on to Mars.”
Source:- space

SCIENCESPACE & SCIENCE

Solar Eclipse 2020: How to Watch ‘Ring of Fire’ Live Online, India Timings, More

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Solar Eclipse in India 2020 Time and Time: The first Solar Eclipse in 2020 will be on June 21 this month. This event is an annual solar eclipse where the moon covers the outer edge of the sun from the center. Thus the ring of fire is formed.
The June 21 solar eclipse will be visible in India, Asia, Africa, the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. The event, which will take place on June 21, will also be seen in Europe and Australia.
Time of eclipse
According to Indian Standard Time (IST), the June 2020 solar eclipse will begin at 9:15 am on June 21, according to TimeAndDate.com. The full eclipse will begin at 10:17 am, which will be at 12:10 pm. A complete eclipse will appear at 2:02 pm. The eclipse ends at 3:04 pm.
What is an annual solar eclipse?
In a nutshell, a solar eclipse occurs when the moon comes between the earth and the sun. During the eclipse in a horoscope, the moon is away from the earth, and its apparent diameter is not enough to completely block the sun.
Instead, it blocks much of the sun and puts its former shadow on the earth, leaving a bright circle. At this stage of the solar eclipse, an annual shape (ring-shape) is formed around the moon, so people on Earth can see a “fire ring” in the sky.
This is in contrast to the total solar eclipse, in which the moon falls between the sun and the earth and shows the darkest part of its shadow (womb) on our planet. The whole eclipse is almost dark at night, but in the case of the annual eclipse you will see some light.
When is the annual solar eclipse?
According to TimemandDate.com, the annual eclipse of the upcoming solar eclipse is visible from parts of Africa, including the Republic of Congo, the Congo and Ethiopia; Pakistan and North India to the south, as well as China.
The annual solar eclipse, which occurs on June 21, begins at 9:15 am IST as a partial eclipse and reaches its peak at 12: 10p IST. At 3:04 pm, the annual solar eclipse ends.
How to watch the June eclipse live
If you live in areas where the annual solar eclipse appears on June 21st, you can go out with your eyes to experience the ring of fire impact. It is important to pay attention to eye protection when looking directly at the eclipse.
Space lovers can watch the event live online. Popular channels such as Tiandadt and Slow live it on their YouTube. You can also follow the path of the eclipse using the NASA tracker.
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SCIENCESPACE & SCIENCE

Researchers eye tech wearables as virus early warning system

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Is your Fitbit or Apple Watch  detect a coronavirus infection before symptoms start?
Investigators are increasingly looking at these devices and other items worn as an early warning system for a deadly virus.
Last month, scientists at the West Virginia University Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute said they had created a digital platform that could detect COVID-19 symptoms up to three days before they could even use the Oura ring, the area of ​​fitness and performance.

Researchers eye tech wearables as virus early warning system

The app developed by researchers uses artificial intelligence to predict the onset of COVID-19-related symptoms such as fever, cough, difficulty in breathing and fatigue, with 90 percent accuracy, according to the university.
Investigators say the program could provide indications of human infection that have not yet shown any signs – helping to address one of the problems encountered and the outbreak of this deadly outbreak.
Separately, the DRMps Research Institute has enrolled more than 30,000 people – and aims for more – in a similar study aimed at using wearables to find “preymptomatic” and asymptomatic people with COVID-19.
Scriptps investigators had already pointed out the importance of being worn in predicting the flu in a study published in January in the British magazine The Lancet.
Early indications suggest that the devices “can identify people who are presymptomatic but are still infected,” said Jennifer Radin, the pediatric pathologist leading the study.
Looking for volunteers
Radin told an online conference that discussed the findings that wearables are experiencing “subtle changes that indicate a decline in viral load” before symptoms start.
Scriptps investigators say they hope to show that wearable data can be more reliable than temperature checks.
“40% of people who come with COVID do not have the flu,” Radin said. “This is something that can be used to analyze people better than a temperature check.”
Heart rate, for example, is a good indicator because it is often variable before infection, and can be accurately measured by many flavors.
“We see these changes (in a heartbeat) four days before someone starts having the flu,” Radin said.
Eric Topol, director of the Microsoft Center, said the idea of ​​using wearables is promising because “more than 100 million Americans have smart watch or banditness” that can provide valuable information for researchers, but that getting good results “depends on getting big numbers” to choose academically.
Evidation health startup California is currently embarking on a project to produce the first warning algorithm from clothing worn by 300 high-risk coronavirus contractors, with funding from the US government and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Luca Foschini, co-founder of Evidation and a senior data scientist, said the study aims to “find out exactly when people can get COVID-19 contracts, and enable them to intervene in real time to reduce the scope of the distribution and to look at the consequences.”
A similar research effort is underway in Germany.
From entertainment to medicine
Recent studies highlight how some portable devices – developed initially for physical and recreational purposes – can be transformed into important health research.
Apple has started studies on how its smartwatch can detect heart problems. And Fitbit has been working with 500 different projects in research on cancer, diabetes, respiratory, and other health issues.
Scientists say the material may provide information on body temperature, heart and breathing, sleep and function patterns and other indicators that can be used as diagnostic tools.
Researchers at Stanford University announced plans in April to participate in research on clothing items, in partnership with Scripps, COVID-19 and other diseases.
“Smartwatches and other wearables make a lot of measurements per day – at least 250,000, which is what keeps them going.
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SPACE & SCIENCE

ISRO to launch ‘Young Scientists Programme’ for students 2020

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Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will be launching the second session of the “Young Scientist Programme” for school children this year.
The programme, named YUVIKA is primarily based to impart knowledge about space-related theories and technologies to students.
It is also aimed to create awareness among the youngsters about space activities, ISRO said.
The selection will be done through online registration.
ISRO Young Scientist Programme 2020: Important Details
The registration for the ISRO programme or YUva VIgyani KAryakram (YUVIKA) 2020 will start from tomorrow, February 3. The deadline to apply for the programme is February 24.
3 students each from each State/ Union Territory will be selected to participate in this programme covering CBSE, ICSE and State syllabus. 5 additional seats are reserved for OCI candidates across the country.

Students who are studying in India including OCI (Overseas Citizen of India) are eligible for the programme. The selection is based on the 8th Standard academic performance and extracurricular activities. The selection criteria are given below.

S.No Description Weightage

1

Performance in the 8th Std Examination

60%

2

Prize in school events conducted by the School or Education board from the year 2016 onwards (like Elocution, Debate, Essay Writing….) at District/State/National/ International Level  (The higher level will be considered for weightage)

2/4/6/10%

3

Winners of  District/State/National/International Level sports activities conducted by School or Education board from the year 2016 onwards (The higher level will be considered for weightage)

2/4/6/10%

4

Scouts and Guides/NCC/NSS Member – during the current academic year (2019-20)

5%

5

Studying in Rural School (Certificate of proof to this effect to be produced from the head of the school – Criteria: The school, where the candidate is studying should be located in Block/Village Panchayath Area)

15%

Total

100%

The interested students can register online through the ISRO website www.isro.gov.in from February 03, 2020 (1400 hrs) to 24 February 2020 (1800 hrs).
The exact link will be available on 03 February 2020. The list of the provisionally selected candidates from each state will be announced on 02 March 2020.
The provisionally selected candidates will be requested to upload the attested copies of the relevant certificates on or before 23 March 2020. After verifying the relevant certificates the final selection list will be published on 30 March 2020.
The program, envisaged educating the school children across the country over the Space related sciences, including Space Technology, Space science, and Space Applications, with the younger ones with an intention to arouse interests in the emerging area of space activities.  How IOT AND AI can be used to replace manpower in agriculture
The YUVIKA programme will be held for two weeks–from May 11- to May 22, 2020. ISRO’s Yuvika programme was launched in 2019.
Those who have finished the 8th standard and currently studying in the 9th standard (in the academic year 2019-20) will be eligible for the programme.
Students who are studying in India including OCI (Overseas Citizen of India) are eligible for the programme. The selection is based on the 8th Standard academic performance and extracurricular activities.
ISRO stated that three students from each state or Union Territories will be selected to participate in the programme. Five additional seats will be reserved for OCI candidates across the country.
The list of the provisionally selected candidates from each state will be announced on March 2, 2020. The final list of selected candidates will be released on March 30, 2020.
The selected students will be accommodated in ISRO guest houses or hostels. Expenditure towards the travel of student, course material, lodging, and boarding, etc., during the entire course, will be borne by ISRO.
Source:- ISRO
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SPACE & SCIENCE

Isro will set up unit in Moscow to develop technology needed for Gaganyaan mission

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To give a boost to the country’s human spaceflight program or Gaganyaan mission, the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) will set up an Isro technical liaison unit (ITLU) in Moscow that will help collaborate with space agencies and industries in Russia and neighboring countries. The Union Cabinet on Wednesday gave its approval for the unit.
Isro needs this Moscow unit to accelerate its Gaganyaan program as the agency requires the “development of some key technologies and establishment of specialized facilities, which are essential to support life in space”, a statement said.
With PM Narendra Modi fixing the 2022 deadline for the Gaganyaan mission, under which India would send three astronauts to space for seven days, Isro has to avail of technical cooperation with Russia, which has already demonstrated its technical capabilities in sending cosmonauts to space.
In the last week of June, Isro had signed an agreement with Russian launch service provider Glavkosmos for providing advanced training to its astronauts for the space mission.

The process to set up an ITLU office, which would be managed by an Isro scientist or engineer designated as “counselor (space)”, will be completed in six months. Isro will spend around Rs 1.5 crore per annum for maintaining this unit.
The liaison officers will provide technical information about developments in research and technology and inputs arising from their meetings with researchers, government agencies, and industries in their respective countries. Department of Space had earlier set up such units in Washington and Paris.
Cabinet OKs MoUs with Bolivia, Bahrain:
The Cabinet on Wednesday also approved memorandums of understanding with Bolivia and Bahrain for space exploration and the use of outer space for peaceful purposes. The MoUs will enable the cooperation with two countries in space applications such as remote sensing, satellite communication, and satellite-based navigation, space science and planetary exploration, use of spacecraft, space systems and ground systems and application of space technology. The ITLU Moscow office would be managed by an ISRO Scientist/Engineer designated as “Counsellor (Space)” on deputation, deputed from ISRO, and supported by staff locally sourced. The process is planned to be completed within six months from the date of approval.
The Liaison Officers provide technical information about the developments in research and technology and inputs arising from their meetings with researchers, government agencies, and industries in the respective countries. They also support the ongoing bilateral programs of cooperation in space technology and act on behalf of ISRO on the matters referred.
Space cooperation has been one of the major links between India and Russia almost from the beginning of the space era and currently, both sides are actively pursuing interactions in diversified areas of the space program. Apart from intensifying cooperation with Russia, India has expanded its space cooperation with countries near Russia. This calls for extensive uninterrupted coordination & interface support for an increased level of international technical collaboration.

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SatelliteSPACE & SCIENCE

Chandrayaan 2 Is India’s Biggest Space Mission: Watch It Live Right Here!

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ISRO Chandrayaan 2 Launch Live Streaming Online: Chandrayaan 2 is all set to break past the Earth’s escape velocity and start its journey towards the planet’s only natural satellite, the Moon. Over one billion Indians are eagerly waiting for this proud moment and will be catching the live updates of Chandrayaan 2’s launch. India’s second lunar mission Chandrayaan 2 will also be the country’s first to carry a rover which will soft-land on the lunar surface. Chandrayaan 2 will explore the unchartered territory of the Moon’s south polar region. On Sunday, July 21, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) started the countdown for the launch of Chandrayaan 2 onboard its “Baahubali” rocket GSLV MK III. The countdown started at 1843 Hrs IST on Sunday and the launch of Chandrayaan 2 is scheduled at 1443 Hrs IST on Monday, July 22. Earlier the launch of Chandrayaan 2 was scheduled on July 15 but ISRO, just in the nick of time, aborted its launch mission due to a “technical snag” in the launch vehicle.
Later, on Sunday, ISRO informed that the fuel filling of the liquid core stage of Chandrayaan 2’s launch vehicle GSLV MkIII M1 was completed. Chandrayaan 2s launch vehicle is ISRO’s most robust and advanced rocket and its success will further give the agency capacity to carry out more complex missions like Gaganyaan which is planned as a manned mission.

Watch Chandrayaan-2 Launch Right Here

The launch will happen at 2.43 PM, from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) in Sriharikota.
You can watch the streaming of the launch right here, which uses DD National Live Streaming feed from Youtube.

Objective Of Chandrayaan 2 Launch

As per ISRO’s notes, the Chandrayaan 2 mission will attempt to land the Lander (Vikram) and the Rover (Pragyan) at a location between Manzinus C and Simpelius N, at a latitude of about 70 degrees south.
This is situated on the South Pole, a region where no other space mission has ever reached, and as per theories, this region can have the presence of water.
The Chanrayaan-1 mission has discovered water molecules on the lunar surface, and now Chandrayaan-2 will attempt to discover water or water molecules below the surface and in the tenuous lunar exosphere.
ISRO said, “There is a possibility of the presence of water in permanently shadowed areas around it. In addition, the South Pole region has craters that are cold traps and contain a fossil record of the early Solar System.”

Technical Information About The Mission:

GSLV Mk-III: This is India’s most powerful launcher, capable of carrying 4-ton class of satellites to the Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).
Orbiter: It weighs 2,379 kg and has an in-built electric power generation capability of 1,000 Watt. This will be placed in the 100×100 km lunar polar orbit, by GSLV Mk-III.
Lander: Codenamed Vikram, this weighs 1471 Kg and can generate 600 W of power.
Rover: Codenamed as Pragyan, this weighs 27 Kg, and can generate 50W of power, and can move up to 500 meters.

SatelliteSPACE & SCIENCE

SpaceX Launches Falcon Heavy Rocket With 24 Satellites

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SpaceX launched its Falcon Heavy rocket on Tuesday from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, carrying 24 experimental satellites in what Elon Musk’s rocket company called one of the most difficult launches it has attempted.
The craft blasted off to cheers from onlookers at 12:00 pm IST after a three-hour delay from the original launch time late Monday.
The boosters separated safely and the craft began its six-hour mission to deploy the satellites.
The mission, dubbed Space Test Program 2 (STP-2), is the third for the Falcon Heavy rocket, which SpaceX describes as the most powerful launch system in the world.
It was commissioned by the US Department of Defense, the key contractor for commercial space companies such as SpaceX.
The company is putting satellites into orbit for agencies including NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), defence department laboratories, universities and a non-profit organization, SpaceX said.
The mission is one of the most challenging in SpaceX history, with four separate upper-stage engine burns and three separate orbits to deploy satellites, the company said on its website.
The company also plans to recover the three first-stage core boosters for re-use in other missions.

Solar sail

The payloads on the satellites Falcon Heavy is putting into orbit include an atomic clock NASA is testing for space navigation, another testing new telescope technologies, and a solar sail project part-funded by the Planetary Society, a non-profit organization headed by Bill Nye, “The Science Guy” on television presentations.
The LightSail is a crowdfunded project that aims to become the first spacecraft in earth orbit propelled solely by sunlight, the society, which has championed solar propulsion for decades, says on its website.
Falcon Heavy is the most powerful operational rocket in the world “by a factor of two,” SpaceX says on its website. It has the ability to lift into orbit nearly 64 metric tons (141,000 pounds) – more than a 737 jetliner loaded with passengers, crew, luggage, and fuel.
Only the Saturn V moon rocket, last flown in 1973 from the same launch pad, delivered more payload to orbit, it says.